Brief exposure to stress increases the tendency to drug abuse, especially cigarette smoking. It seems that nicotine abuse alleviates some psychological and physiological stress symptoms. The present study investigated the effect of nicotine administration on stress-induced anxiety-like behavior in adult male Wistar rats.
Hookah smoking is one of the major indoor sources of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX). This study aimed to investigate the potential exposure to BTEX among primary school children, particularly those exposed to hookah smoke.
Children are extremely liable to indoor air pollutants as their physiology and a few metabolic pathways are different from those of adults. The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess exposure of children living with parents who use hookah tobacco smoke to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using a biomonitoring approach.
Thyroid autoimmunity in Graves' disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves' orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor.
Lung cancer screening (LCS) for former and current smokers requires that current smokers are counseled on tobacco treatment. In the USA, over 4 million former smokers are estimated to be eligible for LCS based on self-report for "not smoking now." Tobacco use and exposure can be measured with the biomarker cotinine, a nicotine metabolite reflecting recent exposure.
Besides, there was a significant difference (p≤0.05) observed among all groups in periodontal health index and treatment need. Conventional cigarette consumers need more complicated periodontal treatment compared to the patients who consume electric cigarettes.
Hookah smoking is a common activity around the world and has recently become a trend among youth. Studies have indicated a relationship between hookah smoking and a high prevalence of chronic diseases, cancer, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases.
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