Various stimulants (VS) are chemicals that disrupt the endocrine system - endocrine homeostasis of the reproductive system - which also known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). These substances are found in the human body, in both the blood and urine, amniotic fluid, or, among others, the adipose tissue.
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging provides noninvasive tools to investigate alcohol and nicotine use disorders (AUD/NUD) and neural phenotypes for genetic studies. A data-driven transdiagnostic approach could provide a new perspective on the neurobiology of AUD and NUD.
Background: Tobacco smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disease worldwide. Stopping smoking can reduce this harm and many people would like to stop. There are a number of medicines licenced to help people quit globally, and e-cigarettes are used for this purpose in many countries. Typically treatments work by reducing cravings to smoke, thus aiding initial abstinence and preventing relapse. More information on comparative effects of these treatments is needed to inform treatment decisions and policies.
Background: Adolescent smoking is associated with significant health and social risks. Previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of interventions based on behavior change theories in preventing adolescent smoking uptake. However, evidence from the theory-based perspective of evaluation is limited, especially for how such complex interventions work, and how they work when implemented in different contextual settings.
Background: Combining short-acting nicotine replacement therapy with varenicline increases smoking cessation rates compared with varenicline alone, but not all people tolerate these medications or find them helpful. We aim to investigate the therapeutic potential of an analogous combination, by evaluating the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of combining nicotine salt e-cigarettes with cytisine, compared to nicotine salt e-cigarettes or cytisine only, on smoking abstinence at six months.
The prevalence of electronic cigarette (EC) use among adult asthmatics has continued to increase over time, in part due to the belief of being less harmful than smoking. However, the extent of their toxicity and the involved mechanisms contributing to the deleterious impact of EC exposure on patients with pre-existing asthma have not been delineated.
The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), especially among teenagers, has reached alarming and epidemic levels, posing a significant threat to public health. However, the short- and long-term effects of vaping on the airway epithelial barrier are unclear. Airway epithelial cells are the forefront protectors from viruses and pathogens.
Palestinian adolescent refugees are at increased risk for behaviors that can lead to poor health outcomes, such as high-risk substance use. This research focuses on the prevalence of substance use and its relationship with depression among adolescent male refugees in Palestine's North-West Bank.
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